DMartin, Anne Henrietta1875╨1951reformerBorn in Empire City, Nevada, on September 30, 1875, Anne Martin attended Whitaker╒s School for Girls in Reno and graduated from the University of Nevada in 1894. She then enrolled in Stanford University, taking a second B.A. in 1896 and an M.A. in history in 1897. During 1897╨1899 she headed the new history department at the University of Nevada. After two years of additional study at Columbia University, Chase╒s Art School in New York, and London and Leipzig universities, she returned to the University of Nevada as an instructor of art history. She resigned in 1903, and following a period devoted to family business she spent several years in travel and study in the Orient and Europe. In November 1910 she was arrested in a pro-suffrage demonstration in England. In 1911 she returned to Nevada, and the next year she became president of the state Equal Franchise Society. The campaign she headed succeeded in November 1914 with the legislature╒s approval of woman suffrage. The Equal Franchise Society thereupon transformed itself into the Nevada Woman╒s Civic League, of which she continued as president. She served also on the Nevada Educational Survey Commission. On the national stage Martin sat on the executive committee of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, and in 1917 she became the first national chairwoman of Alice Paul╒s militant National Woman╒s party. In 1918 and 1920 she ran on an independent ticket for a U.S. Senate seat from Nevada, but her pacifism╤she had joined the Woman╒s Peace party organized by Jane Addams and Carrie Chapman Catt in 1915╤was one of several unpopular stands that led to her defeat. Nonetheless in both elections she attracted some 20 percent of the popular vote. She remained an active member of the National Woman╒s party until the later 1920s and was one of its most vehement spokesmen against women╒s joining the established, male-dominated political parties. In 1926 Martin became active in the Women╒s International League for Peace and Freedom; she was a national board member from 1926 to 1936, director of the U.S. section╒s western region from 1926 to 1931, and a delegate to congresses in Dublin in 1926 and Prague in 1929. She left the organization in 1936 in protest of its lack of commitment to feminist goals. Before the Second World War, as before the First, she was a stout opponent of U.S. involvement. Throughout her career as a reformer she was a frequent contributor of articles and poems to leading magazines and journals. She died in Carmel, California, on April 15, 1951. &styl ` ! ¬ 5¬ ! 5¬ + !I ╬ 5¬ ╧ !I x !I ▐ é !I B !I ▐ M !I R !I ▐ e !I ╟ 5¬ ╚ !I >link ` HYPR x éHYPR B MHYPR R e
